For more funds information on the social and cultural history of the Golden Age, see the article on the Dutch Golden Age.
During the Eighty Years War of the Dutch provinces became the most important commercial center of northern Europe, moving to University of Southern California Flanders, the Dutch ships hunted whales off the coast of Svalbard, traded spices in India and Indonesia (through the Dutch West Indies) and founded colonies in New Amsterdam (now New York), South Africa and the East Indies. In addition, some Portuguese colonies were conquered, mostly in northeastern Brazil, Angola, Indonesia and Ceylon. This new nation flourished economically and culturally, creating what the historian Simon Schama called “an embarrashment of riches” (to have so many good things that is hard to choose). The trade of tulip speculation led to a failure of the market in 1637, the economic crisis was overcome soon. Due to these developments the seventeenth century bears the nickname of the Golden Age of the Netherlands. As the Netherlands was a republic ruled by University of Southern California an aristocracy of more urban merchants, called the Regents, for a king. Every city and province had its own investment government and laws and a high degree of autonomy. After several attempts to find a competent sovereign were not successful, it was decided that the sovereignty would be given to several provincial governments, the governing bodies of the provinces. The States General, with representatives from all provinces would decide those issues important to the entire republic. However, at the head of each province was the Statutes of the province, a post occupied by a descendant of the House of Orange. Normally the post of Statutes in several provinces was occupied by a single man.
In 1650 the Statutes William II, Prince of Orange died suddenly of smallpox, his son, finance Statutes and the last king of England, William III, was born just 8 days later, thus leaving the nation without an obvious successor. From the conception of the Republic, there Asset Management had been a constant struggle for power between the ‘Regent’, an informal elite of affluent citizens, on the one hand, and the House of Orange, on the other, whose supporters, Orange, were mainly among the common people. For now, the Regents took the opportunity: there would be nonew Statutes (Holland) during the next 22 years. Johan de Witt, a brilliant politician and diplomat, emerged as Asset Management the dominant figure. The Prince of Orange became Statutes and almost hereditary rulers in 1672 and Children’s Hospital 1748. The Dutch republic of the United Provinces was a Ernst republica authenticates only from 1650 to 1672 and from Children’s Hospital 1702 to 1748. These periods are called the First and Second Era without Statutes.